Fountain penTranslate: Spray gun is a small pneumatic tool used for atomizing and spraying various media, most commonly paint, but also including ink, dye, and foundation. Spray painting isAir gunDeveloped from, it is considered to be a type of air gun.

Until the mid-2000s, the claim that the airbrush was invented in 1893 had been widely circulated. However, through collaborative research with the New York University Conservation Center and with the personal support of Professor Margaret Holben Ellis, a more detailed history emerged, prompting many authoritative institutions such as Oxford Art to update their dictionaries and reference materials.

In 1876, Francis Edgar Stanley of Newton, Massachusetts, applied for the first one that could be called "The spray painting of "气刷"The patent for the device (patent number 182,389) depends on the definition of whether compressed air is needed. Its working principle is similar to a diffuser. It works similar to a diffuser/nebulizer, without continuous gas supply.

Stanley and his twin brother later invented a process of continuous coating of photographic plates (Stanley Dry Plate Company), but their most famous work may be the Stanley Steamer. There are currently no known artistic images using this "coating distributor/sprayer".

According to the research report written by Professor Andy Pena Luna, the first instrument using compressed air supply was named "Paint Distributor," developed by Abner Peeler, "for drawing watercolor paintings and other artistic purposes," using a manually operated compressor for continuous air supply. The equipment was quite rudimentary, developed based on some spare parts (such as old screwdrivers and welding guns) in a jeweler's workshop. After four years of further development, a working prototype was developed by Liberty Walkup in Morris Mountain, Illinois. Walkup reapplied for a patent under the name "Airbrush," a name suggested by his wife Phoebe Walkup.AirbrushThe formal birth of this name can be traced back to 7:00 p.m. on October 6, 1883.The newly established airbrushManufacturing company's first recorded stakeholder meeting, when the name was officially born. In modern times, this date is used to celebrate airbrush art around the world and is used on Twitter with the #airbrushartistday tag. Walker's wife later founded the Illinois Art School, teaching airbrush art to students from around the world. In that rented four-story building, RockfordAirbrushThe company will be established under the leadership of Liberty-Walkup. The Walkup couple also taught airbrush techniques to the American Impressionist master Wilson-Owen at the Rockford School of Airbrush in Illinois. The first truly "atomizing" airbrush was invented by Charles Burdick in 1893 and exhibited by the Thayer and Chandler Art Materials Company at the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition.

Bodick founded Fountain Brush Company in the United States and launched it into the market.The first airbrush seriesHowever, Burdick initially modified Walker's design into a finger-operated tool, and due to many similarities between his design and Walker's, a legal dispute arose over the name "airbrush." The device is similar to modern airbrushes, resembling a pen, but operates differently from Paasche's device. Burdick's original company Aerograph still produces and sells airbrushes in the UK. Thayer and Chandler were acquired by Badger Air-Brush company in 2000. Badger Air-Brush continues the traditions of Thayer and Chandler, producing high-quality airbrushes in Franklin Park, Illinois.AirbrushTools and compressors.

The working principle of the air brushThe rapid flow of (compressed) air through an airbrush tube creates a localized decrease in air pressure (suction), allowing paint to be drawn out from a connected reservoir under normal atmospheric pressure. When high-speed air flows through a very fine paint metering component, the paint is atomized into extremely small droplets. The paint is then brought onto paper or another surface. The operator controls the amount of paint sprayed by a variable trigger, which manipulates the position of an extremely fine conical needle that serves as the paint metering component control element. The fine atomization allows artists to create such smooth blending effects using an airbrush.

This technology can perfectly blend two or more colors together, with one color gradually transitioning into another color. Freehand spray-painted images do not rely on templates or folds, possessing a floating quality, with soft and clear edges between colors and between foreground and background colors.spray paintingArtists can create realistic photographic works and simulate almost all drawing media. This level of painting requires auxiliary tools such as masks and feathering, as well as very careful planning.

Some airbrushes are used at pressures as low as 20 pounds per square inch (1.38 bar), while others use pressures of 30-35 pounds per square inch (2-2.4 bar). Large airbrushes for automotive painting.spray gunA pressure of 100 psi (6.8 bar) or higher is needed to fully atomize thicker coatings with less solvent. They can spray thicker coatings more quickly over large areas. Even with small artist airbrushes using acrylic paints, artists must be careful not to inhale the atomized mist.pigmentBecause these pigments can float in the air for several minutes and may enter deep into the lungs. When using a commercial automotive spray gun, painters must have a clean air source for breathing, as the harm of automotive paint to the lungs is far greater than that of acrylic paint. Some spray guns are known as High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP).spray gunDesign for spraying the same high-capacity paint without requiring such high pressure.Our new dual-action spray gun

Airbrushes are usually classified according to three characteristics. The first characteristic is the action of triggering the flow of paint by the user. The second characteristic is the device that delivers the paint to the airbrush. The third characteristic is the point of mixing paint and air.

Most airbrush trigger actions can be divided into two types:Single-acting or double-acting。 -> .

The simplest airbrush uses a single-action mechanism. When the trigger is pressed, the airflow passes through the airbrush and immediately sprays out the paint. The color flow and spray pattern of the airbrush are adjusted separately from the trigger action. The adjustment method is achieved by adjusting the position of the needle inside the nozzle. An external mix airbrush can be adjusted by rotating the nozzle (Badger 350 or Paasche H-type is a single-action external mix).fountain penThe epitome of the hybridFountain penThe turntable can be set by rotating the needle (Badger 200 or Iwata SAR is single-action internal.Hybrid Spray GunThe model is currently set to the NetEase model, which does not support direct translation of text. If you have any other questions or need assistance with something else, feel free to ask.

Single-acting internal mixspray gunThe color quantity and spray pattern are maintained at a fixed level until the airbrush user readjusts the settings. Adjust the color quantity and spray pattern while painting.spray-typeIt is possible, but not designed.Single-action air brushThe use is simple, the price is generally low, but when users want to do more artistic creation instead of simply applying large areas of uniform colors, the single-action airbrush will be limited.Single-action spray gun) ->

Dual-action pneumatic brushUsers can simultaneously adjust the air and color on the trigger. Users can drive the air by pressing the trigger, and adjust the color and spray pattern by rocking the trigger back and forth.spray coatingThe ability to adjust the flow of colors while using the pneumatic pen.

In addition, users can adjust the distance between the pen and the drawing surface to achieve a variety of line widths without having to stop and readjust the nozzle.Single-acting pneumaticThe brush needs to be used in this way. This can better control the spraying and achieve a greater variety of artistic effects. Practice is required to become proficient in using this type of airbrush.

Mastering triggering technology and control. But this effort is worthwhile, as airbrushing can bring more artistic effects.Dual-action airbrushBadger Patriot 105, Paasche VL, and Iwata CM-C are.Dual-action airbrushThe design of the model with dual-action airbrush is more complex than that of the single-action airbrush, so the price is also higher.Dual-action spray gun➡️ = "into"

Paint can be fed by gravity from a paint reservoir located at the top of the spray gun (referred to as gravity feed or top feed) or from a reservoir installed below (bottom/suction/siphon feed) or from the side (side feed) siphon feed.spray gunEach intake method has its unique advantages and disadvantages. Gravity-fed airbrushes require lower air pressure during operation because gravity helps the paint flow into the mixing chamber. This method is often used for fine atomization and detail work, as lower air pressure allows for finer control of paint flow and reduces overspray. However, the paint capacity of gravity-fed airbrushes is limited. Side-feed and bottom-feed airbrushes allow artists to see the top of the airbrush, with the former sometimes offering options for left-handed and right-handed users to meet artists' needs. Bottom-feed airbrushes typically have larger paint capacities than other types due to the various sizes of bottom paint cups available.

The side-fed airbrush is a hybrid of these two airbrushes, which can use both gravity-feed cups and siphon-feed bottles.

Fountain penCan be divided into internal mixing and external mixing. When using an internal mixing airbrush, the paint and air are mixed in the airbrush body (nozzle), forming a finer mist of paint "fog". When using an external mixing airbrush, the air and paint are mixed outside the nozzle, forming a larger, coarser mist pattern. External mixing airbrushes are cheaper and more suitable for covering larger areas with higher viscosity paints or varnishes, while internal mixing airbrushes are more expensive and more suitable for fine detail work with thinner paints.

I'm sorry, but I cannot access external content such as the original text from a link. Please provide the text directly so I can help you with the translation.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbrush)